lostwinds下载(登珠峰遭遇交通拥堵，多名登山者丧生)
lostwinds文章列表:
- 1、登珠峰遭遇交通拥堵，多名登山者丧生
- 2、[英语合集]英语老师私藏讲义，语法系统全解，考点重点大全2
- 3、2018考研英语同义词解析：Trail, track 和 trace
- 4、2018高中英语必备熟词生义500词用法+例句下
- 5、旅游出国必备218句地道口语，走遍欧美都不怕！
登珠峰遭遇交通拥堵，多名登山者丧生
见过排队逛世园会，排队进迪士尼乐园，但你见过排队登顶珠穆朗玛峰吗？
图via Twitter/@nimsdai
这张照片拍摄于世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰上，图中300多名登山客在海拔8000米、有着“死亡区”之称的地带排队等待登顶。
这张照片引人震惊的同时也让不少网友发出呼声：或许珠峰也需要装上红绿灯了。
需要出台新的政策，限制每个季节的登山人数。
这些人也该让那山缓缓了吧。
尼泊尔应该将收费提高一倍。不光是为了限制登山人数，也得付钱清理他们产生的垃圾。
多收费也阻止不了那些人，限制登山许可证就可以了。
据尼泊尔最大的英文媒体Himalayan Times报道，今年春天以来，随着天气转暖，涌现了大量的登山者，导致登顶路线拥堵，目前已有14人在拥堵期间丧命。
Kevin Hynes, 56, from Ireland, died in his tent at 7,000 meters early on Friday, having turned back before reaching the summit. The father of two was part of a group from the UK-based 360 Expeditions.
来自爱尔兰的56岁男子凯文·海因斯于上周五凌晨在海拔7000米高的帐篷中去世，他在到达峰顶前折返。这位两个孩子的父亲是英国360探险公司团队的一员。
The climbing company said: “It is with the greatest sadness that we have to confirm that one of our Mount Qomolangma team has passed away. Kevin was one of the strongest and most experienced climbers on our team, and had previously summited Mount Qomolangma South and Lhotse.”
这家登山公司表示：“我们非常悲痛地确认，我们的珠穆朗玛峰登山队成员之一已经去世。凯文是我们队里最强壮、最有经验的攀登者之一，并曾登顶珠穆朗玛峰南坡和洛子峰。
Hynes had been accompanied by an experienced Sherpa, who had himself climbed to the summit of Mount Qomolangma South twice, Mount Qomolangma North and Makalu twice, according to 360 Expeditions.
公司表示，一位经验丰富的夏尔巴人陪同海因斯登山，这位夏尔巴人曾两次亲自登顶珠峰南坡，并曾两次登顶珠峰北坡和马卡鲁峰。
Sherpa：n. 夏尔巴人（散居在喜马拉雅山两侧，主要在尼泊尔，少数散居于中国、印度和不丹）
His death came a week after the Trinity College professor Seamus Lawless, from County Wicklow, fell during the descent after achieving a lifetime ambition of reaching the summit.
一周前，来自爱尔兰威克洛郡的剑桥大学三一学院教授西莫·劳利斯在下山途中坠落，此前他实现了登顶珠峰的毕生抱负。
另据英国广播公司报道， 仅5月23日一天就有3名登山者在珠峰丧生，他们分别是55岁美国男子卡什（Donald Lynn Cash），52岁的印度人达斯（Kalpana Das）和27岁的印度人巴格万（Nihal Bagwan）。
Overcrowding and safety have been a growing cause for concern in recent years, not least since the emergence of cut-price Nepali trekking companies that offer Mount Qomolangma packages for half the price of trips organized by foreign companies.
近年来，过度拥挤和安全问题日益引起人们的担忧，尤其是在尼泊尔出现降价登山公司之后，这些公司提供的登峰套餐价格只有外国公司攀登活动的一半。
The deaths occurred despite Nepal's tourism authorities instituting, but not implementing, plans to timetable ascents to avoid congestion.
尽管尼泊尔旅游部门为了避免拥挤制定了攀登时间计划，但没有实施，最终导致了死亡事件。
图片：新华网
珠峰因何如此“拥挤”？
如果你想象珠穆朗玛峰峰顶的景象，也许脑海中出现的是一座远离尘嚣的静谧雪峰。然而实际情况可能是摩肩接踵，人满为患。
This season's summit crowds – the worst since 2012 – had been exacerbated by unsettled weather which meant there had been only five possible summit days in May so far, compared with between seven and 12 in recent years. This had caused hundreds of climbers to converge on several notorious sections where they can only pass one at a time.
今年的峰顶拥挤是2012年以来最糟糕的，而不稳定的天气加剧了这一情况，到目前为止，今年5月只有5天适宜登顶，而在近些年，这一天数在7到12天之间。这导致数百名登山者聚集在几个以拥挤著称的路段，一次只能通过一人。
向导说，登山季节经常发生排长队的情况。
"It's normally that crowded," says Mingma Sherpa, chairman of Seven Summits Treks, adding that climbers sometimes queue between 20 minutes, and 1.5 hours, in order to reach the summit.
“七峰之旅”的董事长夏尔巴人明马说：“拥挤的情况很常见”。为了登顶，登山者有时要排队等候20分钟至1个半小时。
It often depends on how long the window for suitable climbing weather is.
通常这要看适合登山的天气能持续多长时间。
"If there's one week (of safe weather), then the summit isn't crowded. But sometimes, when there's only a window of two or three days, it gets very crowded" as all the climbers try to reach the summit at the same time, Mingma Sherpa tells the BBC.
明马告诉英国广播公司说：“如果适宜天气有一周之久，人流就比较分散，但有时候登山窗口期只有两三天，就会十分拥挤”，因为都想同时上山。
Experts say crowds at Mount Qomolangma have also increased in recent years because expeditions have become more popular.
专家认为近年来攀登珠峰的人群增加，是因为探险活动日趋流行。
登山人数多，新手多
Nepal has issued 381 permits at $11,000 each for the spring climbing season at the world's highest peak.
在春季的登山高峰期，尼泊尔已经发放了381张许可证，每张证11000美元（约合人民币75900元）。
Andrea Ursina Zimmerman, an expedition guide who reached Mount Qomolangma's peak in 2016, says that many "traffic jams" are caused by unprepared climbers who "do not have the physical condition" for the journey.
2016年曾登上珠峰山顶的探险向导安德烈娅·尤拉西纳·齐默尔曼说，很多“拥堵”是因为登山者准备不足造成的，他们不具备登山的“身体条件”。
据《纽约时报》报道，导致珠峰拥堵及人员死亡的原因并不是雪崩等自然灾害，而是因为登山的人太多了，而且大部分都是没有经验的新手：
The problem hasn’t been avalanches, blizzards or high winds. Veteran climbers and industry leaders blame having too many people on the mountain, in general, and too many inexperienced climbers, in particular.
导致拥堵的原因不是雪崩、暴雪或者强风。资深登山客以及业内领袖将其归咎于登山的人太多了，而且很多人都是没有经验的登山者。
Fly-by-night adventure companies are taking up untrained climbers who pose a risk to everyone on the mountain. And the Nepalese government, hungry for every climbing dollar it can get, has issued more permits than Qomolangma can safely handle, some experienced mountaineers say.
一些不负责任的探险公司把未经培训的登山者送上山，这些人对大家都会构成威胁。一些资深登山客表示，尼泊尔政府急于从登山项目中牟利，发出的登山许可证数量已超出了珠峰可以承受的范围。
fly-by-night: 不负责任的
上山不易下山更难
Norbu Sherpa has reached the summit seven times. He adds that the most dangerous part is often the descent.
夏尔巴人诺布曾7次登上峰顶。他还说最危险的部分往往是下山。
A lot of people push themselves to the summit, but, once they reach it, "lose their motivation and energy on the way down", especially when they realize it's a long, crowded journey.
很多人竭尽全力登上了山顶，但一旦登了顶，“下山时就失去动力和体力了”，特别是他们意识到下山路途遥远且拥挤不堪时。
尼泊尔旅游局否认“过度拥挤”导致死亡
Nepal's tourism authority has denied accusations that the rise in Mount Qomolangma deaths is solely due to overcrowding.
尼泊尔旅游局否认了有关珠穆朗玛峰死亡人数上升完全是因为过度拥挤的指责。
The department's director general Dandu Raj Ghimire said other factors including adverse weather conditions had also contributed.
旅游局局长丹杜·拉吉·吉米尔表示，恶劣的天气条件等其他因素也是导致拥挤的原因。
Mr Ghimire said 381 people had ascended Mount Qomolangma this spring but as periods of fine weather had been short, the number of people on the routes had been "higher than expected".
吉米尔表示，今年春天已有381人登上珠穆朗玛峰，但由于好天气持续时间较短，这条线路上的人数“高于预期”。
"The weather has not been very great this climbing season, so when there is a small window when the weather clears up, climbers make the move," Ghimire said.
吉米尔说:“这个登山季节的天气不是很好，所以当天气转晴时，出现短暂的登山窗口期，登山者就会采取行动。”
"On May 22, after several days of bad weather, there was a small window of clear weather, when more than 200 mountaineers ascended Mount Qomolangma. The main cause of deaths on Mount Qomolangma has been high altitude sickness which is what happened with most of the climbers who lost their lives this season as well."
“5月22日那天，在几天恶劣天气过去之后，有几天天气放晴，200多名登山者攀登珠峰。珠峰攀登者死亡的主要原因是高原反应，过去在这个季节登山，大多数死亡的攀登者也是因此丧生。”
high altitude sickness：高原病、高原反应
编辑：许雅宁
来源：卫报、BBC、CNN、纽约时报、参考消息网、环球网等
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第二章 被动语态（一）
第二章 被动语态（一）
语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
一、被动语态的构成
被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
A. 十种常见时态的被动语态
1. 一般现在时
主动语态：do
被动语态：amisare done
We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。
The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。
Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。
Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。
Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗
2. 一般过去时
主动语态：did
被动语态：waswere done
We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。
The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。
Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗？
How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱？
3. 一般将来时
主动语态：willshall do
被动语态：willshall be done
We will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。
The classroom will be cleaned soon. 教室很快要被打扫了。
The work will be done immediately. 这工作将马上做。
Will the school sports meeting be held next week？ 校运动会将在下星期举行吗？
When shall we be given a lecture on the Internet 什么时候给我们作有关因特网的讲座？
4. 一般过去将来时
主动语态：would do
被动语态：would be done
We told him that we would clean the classroom soon. 我们告诉他我们马上就打扫教室。
We told him that the classroom would be cleaned soon. 我们告诉他教室很快就会被打扫的。
He said that a new trade center would be built in the centre of the city. 他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。
She asked whether their plan would be considered with great care. 她问他们的计划会不会得到仔细的考虑。
I wasn't told that I should be invited to the party. 没人告诉我要被邀请出席晚会。
5. 现在进行时
主动语态：amisare doing
被动语态：amisare being done
We are cleaning the classroom now. 我们现在正在打扫教室。
The classroom is being cleaned now. 教室现在正在被打扫。
A hospital is being built in the centre of the town. 镇中心正在兴建一家医院。
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？
How is the new teaching method being tried there 那里是怎样试行这种新教学方法的？
6. 过去进行时
主动语态：waswere doing
被动语态：waswere being done
We were cleaning the classroom this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候我们在打扫教室。
The classroom was being cleaned this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候教室正在被打扫
The teaching plan was being discussed at that time. 那时正在讨论教学计划。
Was the TV set being fixed this time yesterday 昨天这个时候电视机正在被修理吗？
The house was being painted when we arrived at his home. 我们到他家时，他家房子正在粉刷。
7. 现在完成时
主动语态：hashave done
被动语态：hashave been done
The classroom looks tidy. We have cleaned it. 教室看起来很整洁。我们已经打扫了。
The classroom looks tidy. It has been cleaned. 教室看起来很整洁。它已经被打扫了
Many foreign films have been shown on TV since last month. 上个月以来，电视中播放了许多外国影片。
The radio has not been turned on yet. 收音机还没开。
Has a new training centre been set up in our town 我们镇上新的培训中心建好了吗？
8. 过去完成时
主动语态：had done
被动语态：had been done
The classroom looked tidy. We had cleaned it. 教室看起来很整洁。我们已经打扫过了。
The classroom looked tidy. It had been cleaned. 教室看起来很整洁。它已经被打扫过了。
His newly written novel had been translated into English by the end of last month.上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。
She told me that she had been dismissed by her boss. 她告诉我，她的老板已把她解雇了。
Her homework had not been finished when I got home. 我到家的时候，她的作业还没有完成。
9. 将来完成时
主动语态：willshall have done
被动语态：willshall have been done
We will have cleaned the classroom by five o'clock. 我们将在五点之前打扫完教室。
The classroom will have been cleaned by five o'clock. 教室将在五点以前打扫完。
The new books will have been entered in the register before another parcel arrives. 这些新书在下一批书到来前将登记完毕。
How many expressways will have been completed by the end of next year 到明年年底将建成多少条高速公路？
Before you return my work will have been done. 你回来前我的工作将会做完。
10. 过去将来完成时
主动语态：would have done
被动语态：would have been done
I said we would have cleaned the classroom by 500. 我说我们将在五点之前打扫完教室。
I said the classroom would have been cleaned by 500. 我说教室将在五点以前打扫完。
The headmaster said the article would have been translated by the end of next month. 校长说文章将在下月底翻译好。
The day was drawing near when the dam would have been completed. 大坝完工的日子不远了。
He told me that preparations would have been finished by 600. 他告诉我准备工作将在六点前完成。
B. “get 过去分词”结构
被动语态除常用“be 过去分词”构成外，还可用“get 过去分词”结构。这种结构多用在口语中，强调动作的结果。
The boy got hurt when he was riding to school. 那孩子骑车上学时受伤了。
Did your letter get answered 你收到回信了吗？
注意：
用“get 过去分词”结构时，其后的动作执行者（即by短语）一般不表示出来。
Finally his bike got repaired. 最后他的自行车得到了修理。
As I passed by, my skirt got caught on a nail. 我经过的时候，我的裙子被钉子挂住了。
C．“seemappear 过去分词”结构
有时“seemappear 过去分词”也可以构成被动语态。
She seemed annoyed by his words. 她似乎被他的话搞得很恼火。
The house appears deserted. 这房子好像没人居住。
提示：
并不是所有的“be 过去分词”结构中的be都能被get或seem, appear等词代替。
【误】She got born in a small village.
【正】She was born in a small village. 她出生在一个小村庄。
【误】The old man got offered a large sum of money.
【正】The old man was offered a large sum of money. 这位老人获得了一大笔钱。
【误】Colin got caught cheating in the exam.
【正】Colin were caught cheating in the exam. 科林考试作弊被抓住了。
D．被动语态中常用的介词
1．by表示动作的执行者或施加者
By whom is the book written 这本书是谁写的？
The children were driven indoors by the rain. 孩子们被雨赶进了室内。
2．with表示用某种工具
The wolf was killed with a gun. 狼被枪打死了。
The field was spread with wild flowers. 田野里野花遍地。
3．from表示源于某种物质（看不出原材料）
Good wine is made from grain. 好酒是粮食制成的。
4．of表示用某种材料制成（看得出原材料）
The table is made of wood. 这张桌子是用木头做的。
5．其他介词
You are wanted on the phone. 有电话找你。
He is known to everybody. 大家都认识他。
She was caught in the rain. 她遭雨淋了。
注意：
动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示，但被动语态句子中的by短语并不总是表示动作执行者。
A policeman is known by the clothes he wears. 警察可以通过他的服装辨认出来。（by表示方式）
He was much flattered by her asking him to dinner. 她邀请他吃晚饭，他受宠若惊了。（by表示原因）
The snow was piled high by the gate. 门口雪堆积得很高。（by表示地点）
二、被动语态的用法
英语中，大多数情况下用主动语态比较简练、有力。但是，被动语态也有其特殊的用途，它也是表达思想、描述事物的需要。人们通常在下列情况下使用被动语态：
A. 不知道或不必说出动作的执行者
How is this word pronounced 这个单词怎么发音？
Scientists say that work is done whenever a force moves. 科学家们说，力移动时就做了功。
A greater number of magic English books will be published next year. 明年将有更多的魔法英语书出版。
After war, everything had been destroyed. 战争结束后，一切都被毁坏了。
B. 强调动作的承受者
If you break the school rules, you will be punished. 如果你违反校规，你将受到惩罚。（强调you）
A new Hope School will be opened in our village. 我们家乡将开办一所新的希望学校。（强调a new Hope School）
She is liked by everybody. 大家都喜欢她。
Xiao Li was elected monitor of the class. 小李被选为班长。
C. 动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物
The bridge was washed away by the flood. 桥被洪水冲走了。
We were shocked by the news of his death. 我们听到他的死讯极为震惊。
Many accidents were caused by careless driving. 许多事故都是开车不小心造成的。
D. 修辞的需要，为了使句子更加简练、匀称
He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 他出现在舞台上，受到了观众的热烈鼓掌。
The old professor gave a lecture on American history and was well received. 这位老教授作了一个有关美国历史的讲座，受到大家的热烈欢迎。
I was shown round the school campus by Sean, who had entered the school just a year before. 肖恩带我参观了校园，他去年刚进这所学校。
E. 为了表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作执行者或说话者自己
You've been told many times not to make the same mistake. 你已被多次告知不要犯同样的错误。
Everybody is expected to obey the following rules. 希望大家遵守以下规定。
The control room may not be entered without permission. 非经许可，勿入控制室。
F. 科技文献中为了客观地描述事情及其过程
The film is coated with light-sensitive chemicals, which are changed by the different shades and colours of light. 胶卷上涂了一层感光的化学物质，这些物质因光的不同色度与颜色而改变。
G. 新闻报道中为了体现新闻的客观性
The west-east gas pipeline project was kicked off on July 4, a big event in the nation's west development campaign. 西气东输工程7月4日全线开工，这是国家西部大开发战略的一件大事。
H．有些动词习惯上常用被动语态
He was born in this city. 他出生在这个城市。
The school is situated in the suburbs. 这所学校位于郊外。
注意：
被动语态中的by短语通常可以省去。但如果by短语是句子的重点所在，或者没有by短语全句的意思不完整时，则要保留by短语。
The vegetables didn't taste very good. They had been cooked too long. 蔬菜的味道不好，烧的时间太长了。（不需要动作的执行者）
He arrived at the airport, where he was met by his friend. 他到达了机场并受到朋友的迎接。（没有by his friend，句子的意思不完整）
Everybody was cast down by such news as that. 大家都被那种消息搞得很沮丧。（需要by短语）
第二章 被动语态（二）
三、主动语态变被动语态
中国人的思维的着眼点在动作的施动者，英美人思维的着眼点在动作的承受者。
中国人常这样说：I expect you to be there on time. 我希望你准时到那里。
英美人常这样说：You are expected to be there on time. 希望你准时到那里。
这就是英语中被动语态的使用比汉语中多的原因。由于英语句子的主动语态结构不同，因而变成被动语态的方式也各不相同。
A. 主语 谓语 宾语
“主语 谓语 宾语”结构中只有一个宾语，变为被动语态时，将宾语变为主语：
They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 他们将在会议上讨论这个问题。
-- The plan will be discussed at the meeting. 这个问题将在会议上讨论。
In the past the king possessed great wealth. 过去国王拥有巨大的财富。
n In the past great wealth was possessed by the king. 过去，巨大的财富为国王所拥有。
B. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语
在这个句型中，谓语动词跟有两个宾语。变成被动语态时，一般将通常指人的间接宾语转化成主语，但有时也可将指物的间接宾语转化成主语：
We gave the student some books. 我们给了这个学生几本书。
-- The student was given some books. 这个学生被给了几本书。
-- Some books were given to the student. 几本书被给了这个学生。
His father bought him a computer last week. 上周他父亲给他买了一台电脑。
-- He was bought a computer by his father last week. 上周他父亲给他买了一台电脑。
-- A computer was bought for him by his father last week. 上周他父亲给他买了一台电脑。
注意：用直接宾语作被动语态的主语时，通常要在间接宾语前加上适当的介词(如to, for, of等)，以加强间接宾语的语气。
They awarded him the Nobel Prize. 他们授予他诺贝尔奖。
-- The Nobel Prize was awarded（to）him. 诺贝尔奖被授予给他。
The host had caught us some fish. 主人给我们捉了一些鱼。
n Some fish had been caught for us by the host. 主人给我们捉了一些鱼。（for不可省）
n
C. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
在这个句型中，谓语动词后有一个宾语和一个宾语补足语，变成被动语态时，宾语转化成主语，宾语补足语也随之变为主语补足语：
All the villagers painted the houses white. 所有村民都把房子涂成了白色。
-- The houses were painted white by all the villagers. 房子都被所有的村民都涂成了白色。
They kept us waiting for a long time. 他们让我们等了很长时间。
-- We were kept waiting for a long time. 我们等了很长时间。
We regarded him as the best doctor in town. 我们认为他是城里最好的医生。
-- He was regarded as the best doctor in town. 他被认为是城里最好的医生。
注意：
有些使役动词和感官动词,如make, see, hear, watch, notice, observe, listen to等，在主动结构中跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，在变为被动结构时，不定式应加上to。
We heard him say good-bye to his friends. 我们听见他向朋友们道别。
n He was heard to say good-bye to his friends. 他被听到向朋友们道别。
D. 含有情态动词的主动句变被动句
含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态时，用“情态动词 be done”构成。
情态动词
cancould
maymight
must
havehad to
willwould
shallshould
ought to
主动形式
cancould do
maymight do
must do
havehad to do
willwould do
shallshould do
ought to do
被动形式
cancould be done
maymight be done
must be done
havehad to be done
willwould be done
shallshould be done
ought to be done
The machine must be operated with care. 这机器必须小心操作。
Such a sentence ought not to be used here. 这个句子不应该用在这里。
What's done cannot be undone. 覆水难收。
People had to be reminded of the danger that night. 那天晚上必须提醒人们当心危险。
E. 含有“be going to do”和“be to do”等结构的主动句变被动句
含有“be going to do和 be to do 等结构的谓语动词，变成被动语态时，分别用“be going to be done”和“be to be done”。在这两种结构中，be只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种形式。
The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting. 这个问题将在会上讨论。
This new film is to be shown on TV next week. 这部新片下周将在电视上放映。
F．含有宾语从句的主动句变被动句
带有宾语从句的句子变成被动语态时，通常用it来作为被动句的形式主语，宾语从句保留不变。
They said that he had gone abroad to study English. 他们说他出国学英语去了。
-- It was said that he had gone abroad to study English. 据说他出国学英语去了。
We haven't decided when we should go camping. 我们还未决定什么时候去野营。
-- It hasn't been decided when we should go camping. 什么时候去野营尚未决定。
提示：
带有宾语从句的句子变成被动语态时，为了简练，还可把从句的主语变为被动句的主语，从句的谓语部分还可以变为不定式短语。
We believed that he would succeed. 我们相信他会成功。
-- He was believed to succeed. 人们相信他会成功。
Father expected that I should become an engineer. 父亲希望我成为工程师。
-- I was expected (by my father) to become an engineer. （父亲）希望我成为工程师。
G．祈使句的被动语态
肯定的祈使句的被动语态结构是：Let 宾语 be 过去分词；否定的祈使句的被动语态结构是：Don't let 宾语 be 过去分词（或Let 宾语 not be 过去分词）。
Move the desks into the corridor.
-- Let the desks be moved into the corridor. 把课桌搬到走廊去。
Don't trust her.
-- Don't let her be trusted.
-- Let her not be trusted. 不要相信她。
H. 动词短语构成的被动语态
一般情况下，只有及物动词才能跟宾语，而不及物动词不能跟宾语，所以只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词则没有被动语态。但有些不及物动词后面跟上介词或副词后，变成一个动词短语，相当于一个及物动词，因此就可以有被动语态。
The nurses in this hospital look after the patients very well.
-- The patients are well looked after by the nurses in this hospital. 病人在这所医院里被护士们照料得很周到。
They have put off the meeting till next Saturday.
-- The meeting has been put off till next Saturday. 会议已推迟到下周六了。
注意：
在使用被动语态时，千万不要遗漏句末的介词或副词。
Such a bad habit should be got rid of. 这样的坏习惯应该改掉。
All the important matters have now been attended to. 所有重要的事情都得到了处理。
I. 双重被动结构
双重被动结构指的是句中谓语动词和其后的不定式均为被动结构，句子的主语既是谓语动词的承受者，同时又是不定式动作的承受者。
They asked us to discuss the problem at once.
-- We were asked to discuss the problem at once.
-- The problem was asked to be discussed at once. 这个问题被要求立刻讨论。（双重被动）
She offered to buy a recorder for me.
-- A recorder was offered to be bought for me. 有人提出要帮我买一台录音机。（双重被动）
The teacher ordered that we should take the desk away.
-- The desk was ordered to be taken away. 课桌被要求搬走。（双重被动）
J．下列句子变成被动语态时，要用with，不用by
Smoke filled the meeting room. 烟充满了会议室。
The meeting room was filled with smoke. 会议室里充满了烟。
A cloth covered the table. 一块布把桌子罩了起来。
The table was covered with a cloth. 桌子上铺着一块布。
K．不能变为被动语态的结构
1．受动词的限制
①表示状态的及物动词，只能用于主动语态。
某些表示状态的及物动词，如have, own, cost, lack, want (缺乏), become (适合), fit, resemble, fail, last, flee, benefit, hold等作谓语时，不能变为被动句。
She resembles her mother. 她像她妈妈。
He lacks self-confidence. 他缺乏自信。
This hall can hold 2,000 people. 这个大厅能容纳两千人。
②当及物动词have表示“吃饭”、“患病”、“明白”、“知道”等意思时，没有被动语态形式。
Would you have a cup of tea 你要喝杯茶吗？
She had a bad cold yesterday, and now she is feeling much better. 昨天她得了重感冒，现在好多了。
③当动词get，take表示“懂得”、“知道”，owe表示“欠”，cost表示“使失去(生命、健康等)”的意思时，动词没有相应的被动语态。
Do you get me 你明白我的意思吗？
How do you take this passage 这段话你怎么理解？
I owe 50 pounds to you. 我欠你五十英镑。
His careless driving cost his life. 他粗心的驾驶使他丧了命。
2．受宾语的限制
①当宾语是相互代词、反身代词或具有类似相互代词的关系时，动词不能用于被动语态形式。
They simply cannot contain themselves for joy. 他们简直无法抑制内心的喜悦。
He absented himself from a meeting yesterday. 他昨天缺席会议了。
For years the two sisters looked after one another. 多年来两姐妹互相照顾。
②当宾语前带有主语的形容词性物主代词时，谓语动词通常不能转换为被动语态。
I could not believe my eyes when I saw him still alive. 看到他还活着，我简直不相信自己的眼睛。
The doctor shook his head and then went out without any words. 医生摇了摇头，一句话也没说就出去了。
注意：
动词的宾语是身体的一部分，一般不可变为被动语态，但也有例外。
He fixed his eyes on the oil painting. 他注视着这幅油画。
-- His eyes were fixed on the oil painting. 他的两眼注视着这幅油画。
③当宾语起状语作用，表示数量、重量、大小或程度时，不能用被动语态。
This kind of dictionary costs ten dollars. 这种字典价值十美元。
The case weighs twenty kilos. 这箱子重二十公斤。
④当宾语是同源宾语时，通常不能转换成被动语态。
He laughed a hearty laugh. 他由衷地笑了笑。
She dreamt a sweet dream. 她做了一个美梦。
⑤如果宾语是动词不定式或动词的-ing形式时，谓语动词一般不能变换成被动语态。
He admitted having done wrong. 他承认做错了。
He has decided to go and study abroad. 他已决定出国留学。
⑥如果enter, leave, reach的宾语是地点、国家机关等，不能改为被动语态
He left the army in 1998. 他1998年退伍。
She entered the hall at once. 她立刻就进入了大厅。
⑦另外，不可拆开的短语动词，如take place, lose heart, belong to, consist of, change colour等，也不能改为被动语态。
The book belongs to me. 这本书是我的。
She caught a very bad cold. 她患了重感冒。
必背：一些常见的不能变为被动语态的动宾词组
catch a cold 感冒
eat one's words 食言
lose heart 丧失信心
lose patience 失去耐心
make a face 做鬼脸
make up one's mind 决心
make bed 铺床
make room for 为……腾出地方
keep watch 守望
keep silence 保持安静
speak one's mind 表明见解
take place 发生
take one's time 从容不迫，别着急
take office 就职
take one's leave 请假
take notes 作笔记
take up arms 拿起武器
take one's place 就位
⑧含有would rather或情态动词dare的句子，不能改为被动语态。
I would rather do it now. 我宁可现在就干这件事。
He dare not do it. 他不敢干那件事。
四、被动语态与系表结构
所谓系表结构，在此指“连系动词 用作表语的动词-ed形式”结构。它与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以在应用时应注意它们的区别。
A. 被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by 人或by 抽象名词表动作的执行者，而后者则一般不用。
The gate to the garden was locked by the girl. 花园门被那个女孩锁上了。（被动结构）
The gate to the garden was locked. 花园门锁了。（系表结构）
The tree was blown down by the high winds. 那棵树被大风吹倒了。（被动结构）
The tree was blown down when we saw it. 我们看到那棵树时，它已经被吹倒了。（系表结构）
注意：
少数“连系动词be 用作表语的动词-ed形式”也带by短语。
The old man was surrounded by small children. 老人被孩子们团团围住。（被动语态）
Guilin is surrounded by hills and mountains. 桂林周围都是山。（系表结构）
We were held up by fog. 我们因雾受阻。（被动语态）
The tree is known by its fruit. 看到果子就知道是什么树。（系表结构）
B. 系表结构一般只用于一般现在时、一般过去时等少数几种时态；而被动语态可用多种时态。
The composition is well written. 这篇作文写得很好。（系表结构）
The composition is being written. 这篇作文正在写。（被动语态）
C. 系表结构中的过去分词可被very, too, so修饰，被动语态中的过去分词须用much修饰。
The boy was too frightened to move. 这孩子吓得动也不敢动。（系表结构）
He was very excited.他很激动。（系表结构）
He was much excited by the news. 他听到消息后很激动。（被动结构）
D. be 不及物动词的过去分词通常是系表结构。
Her money is all gone. 她的钱都花光了。
The honoured guests are arrived. 贵宾们到了。
The moon is risen. 月亮升起来了。
She is grown up. 她长大了。
The leaves are fallen. 树叶落了。
We are prepared for the worst. 我们已准备好应付最坏的情况。
E. 表示“充满”意思的“be 过去分词 with”结构多为系表结构。
The mountain is covered with snow all the year round. 这座山终年被积雪覆盖。
The classroom was crowded with pupils. 教室里挤满了学生。
The lake is dotted with fishing boats. 湖里渔帆点点。
The floor was piled with old books. 地板上堆满了旧书。
F. remain, feel, lie, stand 以及 become, grow 等词 过去分词结构多为系表结构。
The matter remained unsettled. 这件事悬而未决。
She felt disappointed. 她感到失望。
The road became crowded. 道路拥挤了。
G. 句中有时间状语和地点状语时，一般为被动语态，反之为系表结构。
The bank is closed. 银行现在关门了。（系表结构）
The bank is usually closed at six. 银行通常六点关门。（被动语态）
He is married. 他结婚了。（系表结构）
五、主动形式表示被动意义
英语中有些结构形式上是主动的，而表达的意义却是被动的。
A．某些不及物动词的被动意义
英语中一般只有及物动词才用于被动语态，不及物动词不用于这种结构。但有些时候，某些不及物动词，其主动形式含有被动的意义。
When did the accident occur 事故是什么时候发生的？
Ice-cream always goes well in hot weather. 冰淇淋在暑天销路好。
Does life exist on the moon 月球上存在着生命吗？
B．一些表示“开始”、“结束”意思的动词
Class begins at eight. 八点钟开始上课。
The meeting ended up with warm applause. 会议在热烈的掌声中结束了。
C．一些表示“运转”意义的动词
The machine runs well. 机器运转良好。
His voice records well. 他的音录下来很好。
D．当read, write, translate等动词与表示行为方式的状语连用时
动词read, write, translate, act, add, wash, wear, cook, lock, sell, tear, cut, keep, feel, burn, strike, last等常和表示行为方式的状语连用，表示被动意义。这些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词。当主语是人时，是及物动词；当主语是物时，是不及物动词，即用主动形式表示被动意义。
The book sells well. 这书的销路很好。
My pen writes smoothly. 我的笔很好写。
The play reads more easily than acts. 这剧本易读不易演。
提示：
这些动词常和情态动词（多半是否定式）连用，表示被动。
His car can't move. 他的车不能开了。
E．表示状态特征的连系动词的被动意义
有些表示状态特征的连系动词，如look, smell, taste, sound, prove, appear, turn out等主动形式表示被动意义。
Good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。
What he said proved to be correct. 他的话证明是正确的。
The flowers smell sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。
Your sentence doesn't sound right. 你这话听起来不大对头。
F．一些动词的进行时态可以表示一个被动的动作
The meat is cooking. 肉正在烧。
The book is printing. 这本书正在印刷之中。
G．有些作表语的不定式，在结构上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的
She is to blame. 她应该受到责备。
The house is to let. 此房出租。
六、被动形式表示主动意义
英语的被动形式表示主动的意义，主要见于状态被动语态句中。一般说来有以下几种情况。
A．反身动词的被动形式表示主动意义
反身动词（及物动词 反身代词）作谓语时，其宾语反身代词，表示动作返回到执行者本身，主语既是动作的执行者，又是动作的承受者。由于反身动词具有这一特点，在被动结构中动作的承受者，也就是动作的执行者，在句中表现出主动的意义。
He seats himself at the back of the classroom. 他坐在教室的后面。
-- He is seated at the back of the classroom. 他坐在教室的后面。
He lost himself in the forest.
-- He was lost in the forest. 他在森林中迷了路。
He dressed himself in a dark blue suit.
-- He was dressed in a dark blue suit. 他穿着一套深蓝色的衣服。
注意：
有些介词短语作定语或表语时，也有被动的含义。
The tall building under repair is an office building.
正在修建的那座高楼是一座办公楼。
The result is nnow under consideration.
结果现在正在考虑中。
个别介词短语用冠词时表示被动的意义，不用冠词表示主动意义。
The children are in the charge of this nurse.
孩子们由这位护士照管。
This nurse is in charge og the children.
这位护士负责照看孩子们。
B．“引起……感情”等动词的被动形式表主动意义
The teacher is satisfied with what he said. 老师对他所说的感到满意。
We are opposed to unjust wars. 我们反对非正义的战争。
We are prepared to accept his proposal. 我们准备采纳他的建议。
He was tired with playing all day. 玩了一整天他感到很疲倦了。
C．某些表示定位、移位的动词
The earth is tilted a little. 地球有点儿倾斜。
Hundreds of soldiers were stationed around the prison. 数百个士兵驻扎在监狱周围。
The village is located at the foot of a hill. 这个村庄坐落在山脚下。
D．不及物动词的-ed形式与be连用表示主动意义
Spring is come. 春天来了。
The moon was set and it was very dark. 月亮落了，天很黑。
He is advanced in years. 他年纪很大了。
E．表示终止动词的-ed形式
He is done with it. 他做完了这件事。
My fever is gone, but I still have a cough. 我的烧已经退了，但还有点儿咳嗽。
F．一些习惯用法
He was graduated from Beijing University. 他毕业于北大。
You are mistaken. 你弄错了。
He is retired. 他退休了。
G．被动的祈使句
Do be seated. 请坐！
Be prepared, please. 请准备好。
Get washed. 洗吧。
Be concerned more about the well-being of the masses. 多关心群众的生活。
He was married in Beijing. 他是在北京结婚的。（被动语态）
2018考研英语同义词解析：Trail, track 和 trace
今天我们要讲解的三个词“trail”、“Track”和“trace”虽然拼写简单，但每一个词语都有丰富的含义。首先，“trail”和“track”都可以指“小道、小径”，它们之间有什么不同呢？当“track”和“trace”都表示“追踪”这个意思时，应该怎样正确地使用它们呢？我们会先为大家介绍 trail、track 和 trace 做名词时的区别，再来辨析它们在做动词时所特指的含义。
首先，“trail”和“track”在做名词时，都包含和“小路”有关的意思，是近义词。其中，“trail”多指“乡下、林间长距离的道路”，比如美国非常著名的“阿巴拉契亚国家步道 The Appalachian Trail”的英文名称就含有单词“trail”。例如：
（1）The local authorities plan to build guard rails along the hiking trail to prevent falls. 当地有关部门计划在登山步道边建立护栏，以防止有人坠落。
（2）The Appalachian Trial in the US takes you through 14 states. 美国阿巴拉契亚步道穿越十四个州。
Trail 还有另外一个含义，是“人或动物移动后留下的一系列踪迹、痕迹”。比如，气味、脚印，常用的搭配有“leave a trail 留下踪迹”。例如：
（1）Hyenas leave a trail of bad-smelling odour to protect their territories. 鬣狗会为保护自己的领地而留下一串难闻的嗅迹。
（2）The motorboat skimmed across the water, leaving a trail of white foam. 汽艇扫过水面，留下了一道泛着白色泡沫的尾迹。
Track 同样也可以指“小道、小径”，比如，表达“off the beaten track 远离大路”的实际含义是“偏远的，人迹罕至的”。此外，“track”还可以表示“铁道、车道、跑道”。例如：
（1）My grandparents’ cottage is located off the beaten track. 我祖父母的小木屋被建在一个人迹罕至的地方。
（2）Blizzards and strong winds can blow branches off trees, blocking railroad tracks and causing severe delays. 暴风雪和强风能吹断树枝，挡在火车铁轨上的枝条会导致严重的交通延误。
Track 除了指“实际的道路”，还有一层抽象意义，用来表示“思路”。比如，搭配“lose track”的字面意思是“失去某人的踪迹”，但我们多用它来表示“忘记、忘掉”。例如：
（1）The cop duo lost track of the suspect due to bad teamwork. 这对警察二人组由于合作不佳而跟丢了嫌疑犯。
（2）The professor seemed to have lost track of time and kept talking for hours on end. 教授似乎忘了时间，一连讲了几个小时。
而Trace 指“人、物存在过或事件发生过的踪迹、痕迹”。例如：
（1）It is said that all aircraft and ships that enter the Bermuda Triangle disappear without a trace. 据说，所有驶入百慕达三角的飞行物和船只都会消失得无影无踪。
我们还可以用 trace 来形容事物的数量“非常少、只有那么一点点”。比如，我们经常使用搭配“a trace of”或“traces of”来表示“少许、一丝”的意思。例如：
（1）You can taste a trace of bitterness in this smoothie – that’s the rocket. 这杯蔬果奶昔尝起来有一丝苦味，这是因为放了芝麻菜。
（2）There is no trace of any form of life on this planet. 这座星球上没有任何生命形态的踪迹。
Trail、track 和 trace 也都可以做动词。首先，“trail”的动词意思是“没精打采地在后面走”，经常与“behind”搭配使用。
（1）I’m not a big fan of running – I always end up trailing behind in a race.
我不太喜欢跑步，每次在比赛时我都会跑在最后。
“Track”和“trace”做动词时常被翻译成“追踪、跟踪”，但其实两者有很大的区别 — 最主要的一点是，“track”多指“跟踪事情后面的进展”，而“trace”则强调“追溯过去”，所以“track”和“trace”表示的时间是相反的。
先来具体看一下“track”。“Track”的本意是“跟踪人或动物”，也被引申为“跟进事件的发展、进程”。例如：
（1）With the help of trained dogs, the police have tracked down the criminals. 在特训警犬的帮助下，警察们查到了罪犯的踪影。
（2）Over five years, the scientists tracked the heart rates of around 5,000 patients who had had a heart transplant. 在五年间，科学家们连续追踪了约五千名接受过心脏移植的患者的心率情况。
Trace 的第一层意思是“通过追查找到失踪的人或物”。
（1）We have successfully traced the source of the call. 我们成功地追踪到了这通电话是从什么地方打来的。
（2）The top agent went undercover to get evidence. Meanwhile, headquarters is trying to trace the whereabouts of the lair. 精英特工为收集证据去做了卧底。同时，总部正试着追查犯罪团伙的老巢。
Trace 的另一层含义是“描述事情的历史起源和进程”。例如：
（1）The article traces the origin and history of tool-making. 这篇文章追述了工具制造的起源和历史。
（2）Sticky rice dumplings can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. 元宵的起源可以追溯到汉朝。
希望我们的讲解帮助大家掌握了单词“trail”、“track”和“trace”的区别。
2018高中英语必备熟词生义500词用法+例句下
“《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》中的词汇表是命题人的主要依据，而这个词汇表只提供了英语单词或短语的拼写形式，没有词性和词义。这就给命题人提供了广阔的活动空间，给他们减少了很多限制，但却给考生增加了几倍的难度。因为英语中的一词多义和熟词生义现象是普遍存在的。熟词生义是高中考查的重难点，2018高考考生尤其要掌握。今天，小编要跟大家分享的是高中英语常考的熟词生义，并给出典型例句帮您更好地理解和掌握。L
251．let down 辜负，使失望（熟义：放下来）
He said he would be here by 12 o’clock, but he let us down．
他说他12点钟之前就到，但他让我们失望了。
252．let out 泄露（机密）；发出（声）；出租（熟义：让出去）
I’ll never tell you another secret if you let this one out．如果你把这个秘密说出去了，我再也不告诉你第二个秘密了。
253．liberal adj．慷慨的，丰盛的（熟义：开明的，自由的）
He is liberal with his money．他用钱大方。
My father gave a liberal amount of money each week．我老爸每周都要给我一大笔钱。
254. library n.收藏，收藏量（熟义：n. 图书馆）
Pro. Lin has a large library of books.林教授有大量藏书。
255．life n．活力，劲头（熟义：生活）
The children are full of life．这些孩子们充满了活力。
256．not on your life 无论如何也不（勿望文生义）
“Do you appreciate it？” “Not on your life.”你喜欢它吗？一点也不喜欢。
257．can’t for the life of me 即使要我的命也不能（勿望文生义）
I can’t for the life of me see why you are so annoyed．我无论如何也不明白你为什么这么生气。
258．lift （熟义：电梯）
Can you give me a lift to the station？ n．搭便车
His report gave us a great lift．n. 鼓舞
259．lift v．消散（熟义：举起）
Jan’s depression seemed to be lifting at last．吉安总算没有失望的情绪了。
260. light熟义：n. 光亮
It’s beginning to get light. adj.有光亮的，明亮的，充满自然光的
261. lively 熟义：adj. 生动活泼的
The room is lively with children singing and dancing. adj.生气勃勃的
262. lose熟义：v. 失去，丢失
Please hurry! My watch loses 10 minutes. vi.钟表慢（与gain 快）相对
263. lot熟义：量，批
It is difficult for us to find a parking lot outside some shopping centres. n.作某种用途的场地
264．in a…light 以……目光，对……有……看法（勿望文生义）
There was Brian，pushing the pram，and I suddenly saw him in a new light．那就是布莱恩，推着童车，突然间我对他有了新的认识。
265．see the light一下子明白，开窍；问世（勿望文生义）
He explained his reason and then I saw the light．他解释原因后，我一下子就明白了。
266. light adj．轻浮的，灵巧的 v．开朗起来（熟义：adj．亮的，浅色的，轻的；v．燃）
A smile lit up her face．她脸上露出了喜悦的笑容。
267. list v.列清单 (熟义：n.清单)
Mother listed the items she wanted to buy.妈妈开出了购物清单。
268. live through经历(而活下来) (勿望文生义)
He lived through the 1961 famine.他经历了1961年的饥荒。
269. live up to使行为和…相符
The WTO can not live up to its name if it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.如果WTO不包括一个占世界人口五分之一的国家，那就名不副实。
270. live with接受(某局面,事实等）
You must live with the fact that you are no longer as active as you were.
你必须得接受这个事实：你再也没以前那样活跃了。
271. lock挽在一起,互相揪/扭在一起(熟义:锁）
They were locked in each other’s arms.他们抱成一团。
272. in the long run长远来说, 最后(勿望文生义)
It is difficult to save money now, but it is worth it in the long run. 现在存钱很困难,但从长远来讲是值得的。
273. as/so long as只要( 熟义：与……一样长)
You can go out to play as long as you stay in the back yard.只要是呆在后院,你就可以出去玩。
274. long v.渴望(熟义：长,久 )
He longd to read the novel by Qiong Yao.他极想读琼瑶的小说。
275. look up看望，拜访；好转，改善(熟义：向上看,查阅）
Look me up next time you are in Beijing.下次到北京时来看我。
276. look up to尊敬(勿望文生义)
School boys usually look up to football players.学生通常都很崇拜足球运动员。
277. look n.表情,外貌, 美貌(熟义:看)
She kept her looks even in her old age. 即使上了年纪,她仍然风韵犹存。
278. be lost不知如何是好(熟义:被丢失 )
He is lost without his wife.没有妻子在,他就茫然不知所措。
279. be lost in =lose oneself in聚精会神于,迷上,陷入(熟义:消在…中)
He is lost in thought/the book. 他陷入沉思/他聚精会神地啃那本书。
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280. marry熟义：v. 结婚，与某人结婚
This poem marries theme and style well. v.使紧密结合，使混为一体
281. be mad about特别喜欢(勿望文生义)
Some girls are mad about going to dances.有些女孩特别喜欢跳舞。
282. major n.主修课，主修…的学生; v.主修(熟义: adj. 主要的,重大的)
I majored in English.我主修英语。
283. make成为,等于,搭上(车,船), 赶上(会议等),到达,走了(路程）(熟义: 成；使）
She will make a good wife and mother.她将成为贤妻良母。
We at last made the party because we made the station on time and made the train.因为我们按时到达了车站,赶上了火车,所以我们最终赶上了这次晚会。
284. make a difference有关系,有影响(勿望文生义)
It does not make a bit of difference if you are late for my party.如果参加我的晚会来迟到了，没有一点关系。
285. make a hit很成功,很受欢迎(勿望文生义)
Alice was so happy that her boy friend made a hit with her parents.艾丽斯很高兴,因为男朋友很受父母亲的喜爱。
286. make believe假装(勿望文生义)
The little girl made believe she was a princess.这小女孩假装她是公主。
287. make do with凑合用(吃） (勿望文生义)
He did not have a hammer, and he had to make do with a heavy rock.他没有锤子,只好用一块石头凑合着用。
288. make good实现(诺言),赔偿,改过自新,有出息 (勿望文生义)
All the damage has been made good.所有损失都已赔偿。
289. make it按时到达某地；成功(勿望文生义)
You can make it if you hurry.如果赶快点,你会按时到达的。
290.make of对……有看法 (熟义:由……制成)
What do you make of what he said？你对他的话有什么看法？
291. make out 理解,看出,进展,装出(熟义:开出发票等)
I can not make out his ideas.我不明白他的意思。
How are you making out with Mary？你与玛丽相处得如何？
He made out that he had not done it.他装出他没做此事的样子。
292. make up 和解,构成,弥补 (熟义:编造)
They quarreled, but made up after a while.他们吵了架,但不久就言归于好了。
We must make up the work we missed.我们必须把没有做的工作补回来。
Farmers make up 80 percent of the population of China.农民占中国人口的80％。(用被动时加of ）
293. make up one’s mind断言(熟义:决定,下决心)
He made up his mind that the people had to leave because they had cut down allthe trees.他断言,那些人因为砍光了树木而必须得离开。
294. mass (复数) 群众 (熟义:一堆,大量）
The masses are true makers of history.群众才是真正的历史创造者。
295. match n.和……相比的人,对手 vt.匹配,是……的对手 (熟义:比赛,火柴）
No one can match him in English.在英语方面谁也比不上他。
296. mean有……意图,打算(熟义:意思是)
I had meant to go on Monday but have stayed on.我本来打算星期一走的但还是留下来了。
It’s mean of you to eat up all the apples. adj.自私的，卑鄙的，吝啬的
297. by no means完全不(勿望文生义)
He is by no means stupid.他绝不笨。
298. measure n.措施(可数) (熟义:量……的尺寸）
What measures were taken to prevent fires？预防火灾采取了什么措施？
299. meet v.满足(要求),符合(要求),应付 (熟义:碰头,迎接)
I could not meet the bills this month.这个月我入不敷出。
300. message熟义：n. 信息，口信
I’d like to see a film with a message. n.教益；寓意
301. might熟义：或许
I use all my might to open the door. n.力量，权威
302. mind v.当心,注意[熟义:介意；心(思)]
Mind your head！当心！不要碰着头了。
303. minute熟义：n. 分钟
They held a minute inspection of the grounds. adj.微小的，详细的，仔细而准确的
Please read through the minutes first. n.会议记录
304. mix熟义：vt 混合
He mixes very little with his wife’s friends. vt.交往，来往
305. monitor n. v.监控(器),（电脑）显示器（熟义:班长）
The Police had monitored all of his phone calls.警察暗中监听了他接打的所有电话。
306. no more...than...比……更不,非常不（勿望文生义）
He is no more fit to be a minister than a schoolboy would be.他根本不适合当部长,连小学生都不如。
307. move v.使感动；提议（熟义:移动）
Even Father was deeply moved.连父亲都感动了。
I move that we accept the proposal.我提议我们接受这个建议。
308. multiply熟义：v . 乘；繁殖
We can multiply our chances of success. v.成倍增加；迅速增加
N
309. narrowly adv.差点儿没；仔细地（勿望文生义）
One car went too fast and narrowly missed hitting the other one.一辆车开得太快险些撞到另一辆车。
310. come near to差一点就（勿望文生义）
She came near to killing him.她差点儿置他于死地。
311. nobody n.小人物（熟义:没有人）
“I want to be famous！I am tired of being a nobody，” he said.他说他讨厌做无名小卒。
312. look down one’s nose at看不起（勿望文生义）
The Turners always look down their noses at their neighbours.特纳家总看不起邻居。
313. note熟义：n.笔记
Learn the notes by heart. n.台词
Please note that the office will be closed on Monday. v.注意
314. novel.熟义：小说
Job-sharing is still a novel concept and it will take a while for employers to get used to it. adj.新颖的
O
315. object v.反对（熟义:宾语;物件）
They objected to leaving school and going to work.他们反对辍学去工作。
316. occur v.被想到（熟义:发生）
It did not occur to me that you would object.我没想到你会反对。
317. be well/ badly off经济状况好/坏（勿望文生义）
He is well off, it appears, and willing to work for nothing.似乎他很富裕,愿意白干。
318. good offices帮忙,斡旋（勿望文生义）
Through the good offices of a friend, I was able to get a ticket.在朋友的帮助下,我才弄到一票。
319. take office就职（勿望文生义）
She took office at a difficult time.她就职于困难时期。
320. be well on in/into很晚（勿望文生义）
Although it was well on in the evening, we decided to try our luck at fishing again.尽管很晚了,但我们仍决定撒一网碰一下运气。
321.at once同时；既,又（熟义:马上）
Don’t all speak at once! One at a time.不要一起讲！一个一个地讲。
She is at once clever and modest.她既聪明又端庄。
322. open 熟义：v.开 adj.开着；打开的
They left the matter open. adj.(问题，议事等）未解决的
323. operate vi.运转,起作用vt.经营（熟义:动手术）
The medicine began to operate at once.药立刻开始见效。
324. order v.定购n.顺序(熟义:命令）
Have you ordered your meal？点菜了吗？
325. otherwise 熟义：adv.否则；要不然
You know what it is about. Why do you pretend otherwise? adv.在其他方面
326. outgoing熟义：adj.爱交际的；友好的；外向的
The outgoing president Bush attended the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics. adj.将卸任的；将离职的
327. outspoken熟义：adj.直率的；坦诚的
She was very outspoken about her wish to be married. adj.直言不讳的
328. outstanding熟义：adj.优秀的，杰出的
Some of the work is still outstanding. adj.(款项,工作,困难等)未支付的；未完成的；未决的
329. own熟义：vt.拥有
He owned the child as his daughter. vt承认
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330．pack v．包装；收拾行李；挤满（熟义：包）
You go and pack your things．你去收拾行李吧。
331. paragraph熟义：n.段落
There is a paragraph about the accident in the local newspaper. n.报纸上短篇报道
332．park v．停车；放置n．停车场（熟义：公园）
A car park is a place where you may park your car．停车场就是停车的地方。
333．part n．（熟义：零件；角色，部分）
I hope we’ll never part．但愿我们永远不分离。（v．分手/离；放弃；卖掉）
In order to raise money，he had to part with some of his most treasured possessions．为了筹款，他不得不卖掉一些最珍贵的财产。
334. party 熟义：n.党派；聚会
The solution is acceptable to both parties. n.契约或争论的双方
335．play a．．．part in．．．起……作用（勿望文生义）
The women played an important part in the task．妇女在这次任务中起了重要作用。
336．take part in．．．参与；起……作用（勿望文生义）
I once took part with him in a debate．我曾经与他进行过辩论。
337．pass v．经过；通过；过去；度过n．传球；通行证；关口（熟义：递给）
You must pass your pass to him at the pass or you can’t pass your summer holidays there．在关口你必须把通行证递给他，否则，你无法去那儿度暑假。
I have no idea what passed in my absence. vi.发生，产生
338．bring．．．to pass vt．使发生（come to pass vi．发生）（勿望文生义）
His wife’s death brought a change to pass in his attitude toward religion．他妻子的死使他改变了对宗教的态度。
339．passage n.通道；走廊；通过（熟义：文章）
The house has an underground passage．房子有地下通道。
340．patient adj．耐心的（熟义：n．病人）
Just be patient．I think you’re next．耐心点！下个就是你了。
341．pay（熟义：付款）
He says farming doesn’t pay．他说做农活划不来。（vi．合算）
342. peach熟义：n.桃子
He has peached me and all the others to save his life. vt.告发vi.告密
343．perform v．履行；执行（熟义：表演）
Perform your promise．请说话算数。
The doctor performed the operation．医生做了手术。
344．in person亲自（勿望文生义）
You can complain to the manager in person.你可以亲自去向经理投诉。
345．physical adj.身体的；物质的；自然的（熟义：物理的）
We should help the people with mental or physical disabilities．我们应该帮助那些心理或生理上有缺陷的人。
346．picture n．形象；样子；描绘；美如画v．描绘；想像（熟义：图片）
Can you form a picture in your mind of what I pictured to you？你能想像得出我所描述的东西吗？
347. pick up偶然发现;弄到手;听到，得到（情报，知识）；康复，增加（速度）(熟义：拾起，捡起)
Train picked up the timber workers working in the forest farm every day.
348．pilot adj．试验性的v．带领（熟义：飞行员）
If the pilot survey goes well，we’ll go into full production．如果试产顺利，我们将全面推广。
349．place n．职位；地位；（第……）名v．放置；安排职位（熟义:地方）
She found a place in a store．她在商店找到个工作。
350．take place vi.发生（勿望文生义）
The wedding will take place next week．婚礼将在下周举行。
351．take the place of＝take one’s place接替（注意与上条的区别）
My brother is ill and I’ve come to take his place．我哥病了，我来接替他的工作。
352．in place在本来的地方；适当（勿望文生义）
I hope you left all the books in the library in place．希望你把图书馆的书放在应放置的地方。
353．in place of＝instead of而不是（勿望文生义）
We use chopsticks in place of knives and forks.我们用筷子而不用刀叉。
354．in the place of＝in one’s place处于……的情况；代替
What would you do in my place？如果你处于我的情况，你怎么办？
355．plane n．水平；平面 adj．平的（熟义：飞机）
This species has reached a higher plane of development．这一物种已发展到更高的阶段.
356. plant熟义：n.植物；工厂
My parents planted a garden at the foot of the hill. vt.种植，栽种某物
357. platform熟义：n.平台；讲台；站台
The platform of the new party attaches great importance to environmental protection. n.纲领;宣言
358．please v.（使）高兴；愿意（熟义：请）
She does what she pleases．她想做啥就做啥。
359．with pleasure可以（用于客气的答语中）（熟义：高兴地，高兴得）
“Could you put me up tonight？”“With pleasure．”今晚您能为我提供住宿吗？“没问题。”
360．pocket vt．侵吞；赚得（熟义：n．衣袋v．把……放入衣袋）
It’s simple---we buy them for＄5，sell them for＄8，and we pocket the difference．
很简单——我们5美元买进，8美元卖出，我们就赚得了3美元的差价。
361. policy熟义：n.政策
He took out a fire insurance policy for his house. n.保险单，保险凭证
362. polish熟义：vt.擦亮；磨光
His essay needs polishing. vt.润色
363. pool熟义：n.水池；水塘
If we pool the idea, we may find a better solution to the problem. v.集中使用
364．practically adv．几乎，确实（熟义：实际上，从实际出发）
The hall was practically empty．大厅简直空空如也。
365．practice n．惯例，习俗（熟义：实践；练习）
According to the international practice，he shall be punished．根据国际惯例，他必须受罚。
366. position熟义：n.位置；职位
What’s your position on the problem. n.立场；观点
367. possess熟义：vt.拥有
A violent anger possessed him. vt.（感情，情绪等）支配；控制
368. pound熟义：n.磅；英镑
No one can stand continuous pounding on the head. n.猛击；连续重击
369．present vt．介绍；赠送（熟义：n．礼物adj．现在的；到场的）
On Teachers’ Day，students usually present flowers to the teachers．教师节学生通常给老师献花。
370. press熟义：v.压
He pressed her guests to stay a little longer. vt.劝说
371．promise v．有希望；可能会有（熟义：答应）
The dark clouds promise rain．乌云密布，看来要下雨。
372．no problem愿意干；不用谢；没关系（熟义：没困难）
“Could you help me？”“No problem．”“帮我一下好吗？”“当然可以！”
373. previous熟义：adj.先前的，以往的
He died previous to my arrival. adj.时间上稍前的
374. produce熟义：v.生产
Please produce your ticket for inspection. v.拿出；出示
375. production熟义：生产，制造
He wants a career in film production. n. (电影、戏剧的)上映；制作
376. pronounced熟义：v.发音
The judge pronounced against her appeal. v.判决；宣布；宣称
377．put away存储；打消；吃掉（熟义：收起来放好）
He puts a little away every week for his grandson．他每周都为孙子存一点钱。
378．put down写下；镇压；让……下车（熟义：放下）
The bus stopped to put down the passengers．公共汽车停下来，让乘客下车。
379．put up熟义：张贴，举起，修建
Could you put me up for the night？put up（留……）住宿
Q
380．out of the question不可能；不允许（勿望文生义）
Without a passport，leaving the country is out of the question．无护照要出国是不可能的。
R
381. race 熟义：vt. 和......比赛 n. 赛跑
Race to see what is happening. v.快速移动；快速运转
382．raise 饲养；种植；引起；招募（熟义：举起，提高）
The farmer raises cows and corn．这个农民又种玉米又养牛。
383. rate熟义：n.比率；速度
These potatoes rate among the best. v.对......做出评价；被评价为；被认为
384．rather than而不是，宁愿……也不愿……
Rather than cause trouble，he left．他宁愿离去，也不愿自找麻烦。
385．or rather更确切地（勿望文生义）
He worked till late last night，or rather，early this morning．他一直工作到深夜，或者更确切地说，工作到今天凌晨。
386. raw熟义：adj材料未加工的
These fish are often eaten raw. adj.（食物等）生的，未煮的
387．reach v．伸出（手、脚等）；与……取得联系（熟义：到达）
I couldn’t reach him by phone this morning．早晨我给他打电话打不通。
388. read熟义：v.阅读
I didn’t read mother’s thoughts at that time. v.理解；领会
389．realize实现；换成现款（熟义：认识到）
He realized the house．他卖了房子得到了现钱。
390. receipt熟义：n.收据，收条
I will pay the money on receipt of the goods. n.接收，收到
391. recover熟义：v.恢复健康，痊愈
He almost fell, but succeeded in recovering himself. v.恢复；重新控制
392．refer to查阅；归功于（熟义：指的是；提到）
The speaker often refers to his notes．发言的人经常看讲稿。
393. reflect熟义：vt.映出；反射；表现
I need time to reflect on your offer. v.沉思，思考（与on/upon连用）
394. refresh熟义：vt使恢复精力
Her words refreshed my memory. vt.提醒，提示，使想起
395．refreshments茶点/饮料（熟义：使感到清新的东西）
The hostess served refreshments after the tennis match．网球比赛后，女主人端来了茶点。
396. relate熟义：v.与...有关；相关
I related my adventure to my family. v.讲述
397. religion 熟义：n.宗教
Tennis is a religion with John. n.特别的兴趣
398．remain v．（继续）保持；（继续）存在（熟义：剩下）
The door remains closed．门还是关着的。
399．remember（熟义：记得）
Please remember the waiter．（v．记得给小费）记住给服务员小费。
400. remote熟义：adj.偏远的，偏僻的
He is a remote relative of mine. adj.关系较远的，远亲的
401. repair熟义：v/n修理
How can I repair the damage I have caused? v.补救，弥补
402. rest熟义：v/n 休息
She rested her head on his shoulder. v.把...靠在...上
Its success rested on the labour of half a million slaves. v.依靠，依赖
403. respect熟义：v/n尊敬；敬意
He has no respect for the feelings of others. n.重视；尊重；维护
404．result in引起（注：result from因……而产生）
The accident resulted in three deaths．这起事故导致了三人死亡。
405．return n.来回车票（熟义：回来；归还）
Do you want a single or a return？你只买去的车票还是来回车票都买？
406. review熟义：vt复习
She reviewed what had happened. vt.回顾
407. round 熟义：prep/adv 环绕，围着；圆形的
We are losing the game in the last round due to our complacency. n.回合，局；轮，场
408．run v．竞选；运转；管理；用车送；褪色（熟义：跑）
Teach me how to run the business．教我怎样做买卖吧。
A bright idea ran through my mind. v.快速移动
409．run out（of．．．）用完（熟义：从……跑出去）
S
410. safe 熟义：adj. 安全的
He is a safe man. You can count on him. adj.谨慎的，不冒险的
411．the salt of the earth非常正派、诚实的人（勿望文生义）
Your grandmother is the salt of the earth．你祖母是个很诚实的人。
412．at the same time尽管如此；但是（熟义：同时）
It cost a lot of money．At the same time，I think we shall need it and it will certainly be useful．它很贵，但是，我认为我们需要它，它肯定有用。
413．satisfy（熟义：使满意）
The cold water satisfied our thirst．我们喝了凉水就不口渴了。
He satisfied me that he could do the work well．他使我相信他能把这工作做好。
She satisfied her hunger with an apple. v.满足要求或需要
414．save v．节省；储蓄；留给（某人）；除了（熟义：挽救）
They are saving for a house．他们在存钱买房子。
Will you save me a seat on the bus？在公共汽车上给我留个座,好吗？
415．You said it！我同意你的意见（勿望文生义）
—Let’s go home．咱们回家吧！
—You said it．I’m too tired now．好吧。我也太累了。
416. say 熟义：vt说
Say that war breaks out, what will you do? vt.假定
Her passport says he is nineteen. vt.（书面材料或可见的东西）提供信息,指示
417．scene吵架（熟义：风景，场景）
If you don’t sit down and stop making a scene，I’m leaving．如果你不坐下来，还要吵的话，我就走了。
418. scholarship 熟义：n.奖学金
A writer with great scholarship can achieve great success. n.学问，学识;学术成就
419．screen n．纱窗；筛子vt．保护（熟义：屏幕）
The curtain screened out sunlight．帘子遮挡阳光。
420. second 熟义：第二
Mrs. Smith proposed the vote of thanks, and Mr. Jones seconded. v.随声附和
He raised a proposal that is seconded by few. v.赞成
421．see vt．（在某段时期）发生／经历／经受（熟义：看见）
The next years saw a series of bad harvests．以后几年，收成都不好。
This century has seen too many wars. vt.经历；有...的经验；体验
422．see out（耐着性子）进行到底（熟义：送某人出门）
I don’t like the course but I’ll see it out．我不喜欢这门课程，但是我还是耐着性子把它学完了。
423．see to处理；负责（做）；照顾（勿望文生义）
I’ll have to see to the window—the wood is rotten．我得弄一下这窗户——这木头都烂了。
424．seeing conj．既然；考虑到（勿望文生义）
We could have a joint party，seeing（that）your birthday is the same day as mine．既然你我两人一天生，那么我们就联合起来开个晚会吧。
425. seize 熟义：vt.抓住；强夺
I couldn’t seize the meaning of his remarks. vt.掌握，把握
426．set（熟义：adj．确定的；v．放置；确定；n．一套）
Are you all set for the journey？adj．准备好；可能(你们都为这次旅行准备好了吗？)
She is having her hair set for the party. v.做头发
427．shall aux．v．（在官方文件中用）表示“规定”（熟义：将）
All payments shall be made by the end of the year．所有帐目务必在年底付清。
428. sharp 熟义：adj.锋利的，锐利的
I felt a sharp pain in my stomach. adj.剧烈的，猛烈的
429. shoot 熟义：v.射中，射击
The trees give out new shoots in spring. n.嫩芽，新枝
430．shoot up 迅速增长（勿望文生义）
Your son’s really shot up since we last saw him．从我们上次见到他之后，你儿子像射箭一般地长高了许多。
431．a big shot重要人物（勿望文生义）
His father is a big shot in the steel industry．他父亲是钢铁工业部门的重要人物。
432. shoulder熟义：n.肩膀
Young people should learn to shoulder the duty/blame. vt.承担
433. simply 熟义：adv.仅仅；只不过
It is simply wonderful to see you! adv.（强调某说法）确实，简直
434. sink 熟义：v.下沉；沉没
Price are sinking slowly. v.下降，降低
435．somebody pron．有一定地位的人物（熟义：某人）
He is somebody in his town but he is nobody here．在他所在的镇他是个赫赫有名的人物，但在这儿就算不了什么人物了。
436. somehow adv．也不知道是什么原由；不知道怎么搞的（熟义：以某种方式）
Somehow he is afraid of her．不知道是怎么的，他害怕她。
437．something of可以说是一个（勿望文生义）
He is something of a liar．他不太老实。
438．the life and soul关键人物；中心人物（勿望文生义）
He’s such a good joke teller；he is the life and soul of any party．他很会讲笑话，他在任何晚会上都是中心人物。
439. soul 熟义：n.灵魂
Hardly a soul is seen in the village. n.人
440．sound adj．（熟义：n．声音；v．听起来）
The bodywork’s sound but the engine needs repairing．（机器、身体等）没有毛病的
It is important to have a sound body. adj.健康的
My wife is a sound sleeper. adj.酣睡的
441．spare（熟义：抽出；匀出）
He spared the prisoner．v．饶恕；放过
442．spring（熟义：春天；泉水；弹簧）
Fast food restaurants are springing up all over the town．快餐店如雨后春笋般地在全镇不断地涌现出来。v．猛然跳起；涌出
443. stamp 熟义：n.邮票
He stamped his feet in anger. v.跺脚，顿足
444．stand v．忍受；仍然有效；保持原状n．摊位，地摊（熟义：站立）
I can’t stand waiting any longer．再等下去我可受不了啦！
The order still stands．命令仍然有效。
As things now stand，we shall win．像这样下去，我们就能赢。
445．stand for容忍（常用于否定句）（熟义：代表）
The teacher would not stand for such behavior．老师不能容忍这样的行为。
446．stand up 对……失约（熟义：站起来）
Jane cried when Bill stood her up on their first date．他们第一次约会，比尔就失约，这使得珍妮哭了一场。
447. start熟义：v.开始；发动；开创
He started up from his seat. v.猛然跳起来；突然移动
448．state v．陈述；说明（熟义：州；状态）
They gave him five minutes to state his views．他们给了他五分钟，陈述他的观点。
449．station vt．驻扎（熟义：站，台，所，局）
A PLA unit is now stationed at Hong Kong．人民解放军某部现在驻扎在香港。
450. steal熟义：v.偷
He stole a glance of her in the mirror. v.快速或偷偷地取得
451. strength熟义：n.力气
Maths is not my strength.强项
452．strike v．认为；想到；发现（熟义：打击；袭击；罢工）
It struck me that he was not telling the truth．我认为他没有讲真话。
An idea suddenly struck me．我突然想到了个主意。
453．study n．书房（熟义：学习；研究）
He has a beautiful small old wooden study．他的书房小巧玲珑,古色古香,是纯木结构的。
454．subject adj．（熟义：主题；科目）
The subjects of this experiment were all men aged 18－25．n．（实验中）被试者这次实验的被试者全是18－25岁的男性。
These areas are subject to strong winds．adj.可能被……影响这些地区常受到狂风袭击。
The child is subject to cold. adj.易遭受...的
455. succeed vt．（熟义：成功）
Gingrich will succeed Foley as speaker of the House．继承；接着……当……金瑞琪将接替夫理当众议院议长。
Jim has just succeeded a large fortune from his uncle. v.继承
456. surprise熟义：v/n 使惊讶，惊奇
Our troops surprised the enemy in the midnight. v.出其不意地袭击或出现
457．suppose＝supposing conj．倘若（熟义：猜想；料想）
Suppose it rains，what shall we do？假如下雨，我们怎么办？
458. sympathy熟义：n.同情
Annie’s sympathies lie firmly with the workers. n.赞同，支持
459. swear to熟义：v.宣誓
I would swear to having met him somewhere. =I would swear to it that I had met him somewhere. v.断言；肯定；保证
T
460．take up 开始学习（某课程）；从事（某活动）（熟义：占(时间/空间)
He dropped medicine and took up physics．他弃医从理。
461. team 熟义：n.队，组
Would you like to team up with us? v.（与某人）一起工作，合作
462．tell v．（熟义：告诉；讲述）
Good teaching will always tell．起作用；产生效果；
He couldn’t tell which house it was. vt.判断/区分
She cracked a smile that told her joy. v.显示，显露
463. through熟义：adj.彻底的，完全的
She is a very thorough worker. adj.做事深入细致的
464. ticket熟义：n.票
The new driver got a ticket for speeding. n.罚单，罚款单
465. tie熟义：vt.栓，系
They tied with the visiting team in the game. vi.打成平手
466．in time经过一段时间之后；最后（熟义：及时）
Don’t worry—I’m sure things will get better in time．不要着急——隔一段时间之后一切都会好的。
467．tip n．点子；主意；劝告；情报（熟义：小费；尖端；梢）
Here is a useful tip on how to deal with online friends．下面给你介绍一条有用的建议，怎样处理网友的问题。
468. touch 熟义：n/v.接触
I feel a touch of tenderness from mom’s words. n.少许，微量
Vegetables were touched by the frost(霜冻）. vt.害到，伤害
469 . treat 熟义：vt.对待；处理；治疗
Her son’s visit is a great treat for her. n.（难得的）乐事
It’s my treat this time. n.请客，款待
470. turn to找（某人寻求帮助等）；求助于（熟义：翻到；转到；变成）
They always turned to me when they were in trouble．当他们遇到麻烦的时候，他们总是来找我。
471．in turn又反过来（熟义：依次；轮流）
Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice．理论的基础是实践，又反过来为实践服务。
472. twist 熟义：v.使弯曲变形
The river twisted toward the sea. v. (道路，河流等）曲折，蜿蜒
473. travel 熟义：v/n.旅行
The news traveled fast. v.以某速度传播
U
474. understand 熟义：vt. 理解
I understand that you are planning to go to Africa. vt.知悉,了解,据闻
475. uniform熟义：n.制服
The boxes are uniform in weight. adj.相同的，一致的
476. undertake 熟义：v.承担；采取；从事
I can’t undertake that you will make a profit. v.承诺；允诺；答应
477．under way在进行（勿望文生义）
Plans to save the boy are under way．挽救那个男孩的计划正在进行中。
V
478. vain 熟义：adj. 徒劳的，没结果的
She is vain of her beauty. adj.虚荣的；自视过高的
479. vehicle 熟义：n.交通工具
We must find out the vehicle of the disease at first. n.媒介；载体
480. vote（熟义：投票）
I vote（that）we go home．v．建议（口语）
W
481. walk 熟义：v/n 行走，步行
This society welcomes people from all walks of life. n.行业
482. wander 熟义：v.漫游，游荡，漫步
Don’t wander from the point. v.离开原处或正道
Her thoughts wandered back to her youth. v.走神；神志恍惚；思想开小差
483．give way崩溃；让步（勿望文生义）
The thin ice gave way under the skater．薄冰在滑冰者的脚下崩裂了。
484．wear（熟义：穿，戴）
His clothes began to wear．v．磨坏
You’ll find this material won’t wear．v.经磨；耐用
485. wear 熟义：vt.穿戴
The girl always wears a happy smile. vt.表露
The old man wears a heavy beard. v.留；蓄
486. weigh 熟义：v.称...的重量；重达
Please weigh the advantages and disadvantages of doing this. v.权衡；斟酌
487. weight熟义：n.重量
How much weight will be attached to his decision? n.分量；重要性
488．well off 有钱；富裕（勿望文生义）
His parents are quite well off；they have just bought him a new car for his birthday．他父母很有钱，他们刚给他买了一辆新车作为生日礼物。
489．while conj．只要；既然；虽然 n．一段时间（熟义：当…时候；而）
While there is life，there is hope．留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
While she is a likeable girl，she can be difficult to work with．尽管这姑娘很可爱，但在一起工作却很难配合。
490．will毅力；遗嘱（熟义：将）
His iron will forced us not to give up．n．意志；意志力
What did it say in the will? n.遗嘱
491. with 熟义：prep.与...,以...
With more money I would be able to buy it. prep.若是
492．work 熟义：n．工作,（书／画／音乐）作品
Yes，I think your plan will work．v．起作用
The young man worked a large farm．vt. 管理
493. workshop 熟义：n.车间；工场
I attended a educational workshop not long ago. n.讲习班，研讨班
494．work out 得到圆满解决；进行情况（好／……）；理解（熟义：算出；制定出）
Things will work out if you are patient．如果你有耐心，事情会得到圆满解决的。
I can’t work out the meaning of this poem．我不能理解这首诗的含义。
495. whip熟义：n.鞭子v抽打，拍打
She whipped it into her pocket. v.突然拿、取、移动她迅速地把它塞进衣袋。
496. wicked熟义：adj.邪恶的，恶劣的，缺德的
Dave used to be a wicked child when he was young. adj.淘气的,顽皮的
497. wit 熟义：n.智力，才智
His remarks if filled with wits. n.风趣，妙语
498. wrap 熟义：n. vt包，裹
Mind you wrap up well if you go out. n.围巾，披肩（你外出的话要围好围巾）
Y
499. yield 熟义：n. 产量，收益 v. 生产，出产
I would rather die than yield. vi.让步，屈服，投降
500. yard 熟义：n.院子，庭院；场院
Can you still buy cloth by the yard in Britain? n.码（1码= 3英尺= 36英寸≈ 0.914米）
旅游出国必备218句地道口语，走遍欧美都不怕！
小伙伴们大家好，今天小编为大家推荐地道的美国口语218句，快收藏起来，慢慢吸收！
1.It’s a hit.
这件事很受人欢迎。
2.You hit the nail on the head.
你真是一言中的。
3.It’s all greak to me.
我全不懂。
4.He’s always on the go.
他永远是前进的。
5.That’s a good gimmick.
那是一个好办法。
6.He is a fast talker.
他老是说得天花乱坠。
7.What’s the gag?
这里面有什么奥妙？
8.Drop dead.
走开点。
9.What’s eating you?
你有什么烦恼？
10.He double-crossed me.
他出卖了我。
11.It’s my cup of tea.
这很合我胃口。
12.Oh,my aching back!
啊呀，天啊，真糟！
13.I’m beat.
我累死了。
14.I’ll back you up all the way.
我完全支持你。
15.It’s a lot of chicken feed.
这是小意思，不算什么。
16.Cut it out.= Go on. =Knock it off.
不要这个样子啦。
17.Do to hell.
滚蛋！
18.Stop pulling my leg.
不要开我玩笑了。
19.Don’t jump on me.
不要跟我发火。
20.No dice.
不行。
21.He always goofs off.
他总是糊里糊涂。
22.So,you finally broke the ice.
你终于打破了僵局。
23.Nuts!
胡说！
24.He is a nut.
他有点神经病。
25.It’s on the house.
这是免费的。
26.Don’t panic.
不要慌啊！
27.He is a phoney.
他是一个骗子。
28.He was put on the spot.
他已经给人打死了。
29.He’s down and out.
他已经完了。
30.That will be the day.
要有这么一天就好了。
31.Don‘t push me.
别逼我。
32.Don‘t give me your attitude.
别跟我摆架子。
33.Don‘t dream away your time.
不要虚度光阴。
34.Don‘t you dare come back again?
你敢再回来！
35.A flash in the pan.
昙花一现。
36.He always likes to play a lone hand.
他喜欢单枪匹马地去干。
37.That boy never says uncle.
那个孩子的嘴特别硬。
38.You rose to the bait.
你中圈套了。
39.Play to the score.
见机行事。
40.I‘m from Missouri.
你骗不了我。
41.He‘s a brain.
他可是个有头脑的人。
42.This draught occurs once in a blue moon.
这场旱灾是百年不遇的。
43.How dare you!
你敢！
44.In doing we learn.
经一事，长一智。
45.Get off my back.
少跟我罗嗦。
46.Keep your temper under control.
不要发脾气。
47.That‘s enough of your back talk.
不许你回嘴。
48.He is trying to cash in on me.
他想占我便宜。
49.Don‘t chicken out.Be a man.
不要退缩了。
50.I‘m hard up.
我经济很困难。
51.It‘s full of hot air.
这是雷声大雨点小。
52.He told me to get lost.
他叫我走开。
53.What‘s in it for me? = What‘s my cut? = What‘s my share?
我有什么好处？
54.I got a big kick out of it.
这件事真令我开心。
55.He kicked the bucket.
他已经归天。
56.Oh!You are killing me!
笑死人了。
57.He is an operator.
(here it means a thief,a swindler,)
他是一个老滑头。
58.He passed out.
他已经昏倒了！
59.Don‘t be that way!
别那样！
60.You are casting pearls before swine.
你这是对牛弹琴。
61.Example is better than precept.
身教胜于言传。
62.There is no one but hopes to be rich.
没有人不想发财。
63.He really has no guts.
他真的太没骨气了。
64.He has a lot on the ball.
他很能干。
65.Wow,the car is awesome.Can I get a load of it?
哇，这车真是帅呆了。我可以骑骑看吗？
66.I‘m totally maxed out.
我真是完全累坏了。
67.Give me a hand.
帮我一下忙。
68.Foot the bill.
付帐
69.You‘re still wet behind the ears.
你还嫩点儿。
70.He had racked his brain.
他已经绞尽脑汁了。
71.Our team gained the upper hand.
我们队占上风。
72.There go the house lights.
剧院的灯光灭了。
73.She eats like a bird.
她饭量特别小。
74.He got off on the wrong foot when he started doing.
他一开始就出师不利。
75.In her hometown ,she was a big fish in a small pond.
在她家乡，她很了不起。
76.He lives only a stone‘s throw from here.
他住的地方离这儿只有一箭之遥。
77.Our hopes were all gone.
我们的希望成泡影了。
78.Go ahead with your plan.I‘m all for it.
进行你的计划吧，我完全赞成。
79.He has his faults,but all in all,he is a good guy.
他有不对的地方，但总的来说，他还是个不错的家伙。
80.Your explanation is as clear as mud.
你的解释一点都不清晰。
81.I‘m really crazy about Michael Jackson‘s rock and roll.
我对麦克杰克逊的摇滚爱的发狂。
82.Their opinions on art are simply for the birds.
他们对艺术的见解真是荒唐可笑。
83.I told him to beat it.
我叫他走开。
84.I beat my brains (out) to get a job.
为了找寻工作，我伤透了脑筋。
85.When it comes to fishing,I beat him by miles.
讲到钓鱼，我比他棒的多。
86.Tell me what‘s your beef?
你抱怨什么？
87.I‘ll come back before you know it.
我很快就回来。
88.Please behave yourself before the guests.
在宾客面前你检点一点。
89.He is the man behind the curtain(scenes).
他是幕后人物。
90.You need to make a case for your suggestions before you can get them approved.
在你的建议得到批准之前，你必须提出充分的理由。
91.Don‘t tell others.Let sleeping dogs lie.
不要告诉别人。莫惹是非。
92.It‘s in God‘s hands and we have prepared for
the worst.
听天由命吧，我们已经做最坏的准备了。
93.When I knew I just being hired ,I jumped out of my skin.
当我被录用时，我简直欣喜若狂。
94.The whole team was in the doghouse because they lost the game.
由于输掉比赛，整队都陷入困境。
95.I looked high and low for my pen.
我到处找我的钢笔。
96.He got to know the ins and outs of the accidents.
他终于弄清了事件的前因后果。
97.He left his wife high and dry.
他抛弃了他的妻子。
98.If you remain stuck-up,they will often try to pull your leg.
假如你还是目中无人的话，他们会常常想愚弄你的。
99.How can we know whether a person is on the up and up by his appearance!
从一个人的外表我们怎么能知道他是坦率的呢！
100.He‘ll be out and about very soon.
他很快就能到户外活动了。
101.He will not turn the cold shoulder on me when I am in trouble.
他不会在我困难时疏远我。
102.It‘s no use talking to him ,you‘ll only waste your breath.
和谈谈话没有一点用处，你只是在白费唇舌。
103.You gave me an awful pain in the neck.
你真让我觉得讨厌。
104.The lummox has loused up their company‘s whole business.
那个傻大个儿把公司的买卖搞的一团糟。
105.When he asked me to marry him , I felt in a bind.
当他向我求婚时，我感到很窘迫。
106.She knows her beans in working.
她在工作方面很精通。
107.In his speech Mr.Brown laid stress on the sagacity of cats.
布朗先生在他的讲座里强调了猫的灵性。
108.The criminal tried to grasp at a straw by feigning mental disorder.
罪犯装疯，企图抓住一根救命稻草。
109.Since he is as silly as a goose , he will not get a promotion.
既然他如此的不开窍，他肯定得不到提升的。
110.The mayor really made a slip of the tongue!
市长可真是说溜了嘴了！
111.John‘s friends said he was mistaken , but he stood his ground.
约翰的朋友都说他错了，可是他仍然坚持己见。
112.You can trust him , for he‘s honest through and through.
你可以信任他，他是真正诚实的。
113.Trying to study a lesson for one class during another class is like robbing Peter to pay Paul.
在一节课中读另一节课的功课等于是拆东墙补西墙。
114.Facing his enemy , he had to play it by ear.
面队敌人，他只有随机应变了。
115.He is in a jam.
他可糟了。
116.I will make it up to you.
我一定会补偿你的。
117.To me it is just peaputs.
对我来讲，这太不值得了。
118.You don‘t have a care in the world.
你不知人间烦恼为何物。
119.I smelled a smell of cooking.
我闻到了烧菜做饭的味道。
120.He ran his horse up the hill.
他策马跑上小山。
121.Can‘t you do anything right?
成事不足，败事有余。
122.Don‘t nag me!
别在我面前唠叨。
123.I don‘t know what has set my nerves on edge these days。
这几天不知是什么把我搞的心烦意乱的。
124.With things as such ,we‘ll have to let things slide。
事到如今，我们也只好顺其自然了。
125.Let bygones be bygones.We are still friends.
让过去的过去吧，我们还是好朋友。
126.No big talk with me.I have your number.
别跟我瞎吹了，我又不是不了解你底细。
127.I am the apple of my grandma‘s eye.
我是姥姥的掌上明珠。
128.I wouldn‘t freeload.
我可不愿意白吃白喝别人。
129.I didn‘t know.I was only a shot in the dark.
我不知道。那只是我瞎猜的。
130.Why should you always like to rib others?
你为什么总拿别人开心？
131.They drove the car and went out for a spin.
他们开车到外面兜风去了。
132.There must be someone who had put him up to that.
肯定有人怂恿他去干那件事。
133.Give me a break.
饶了我吧。
134.Take a hike!
哪儿凉快哪儿歇着去吧。
135.Get over yourself.
别自以为是。
136.Get the hell ou
滚开。
137.I detest you.
我恨你。
138.You‘re away too far.
你太过分了。
139.You‘ve ruined everything.
全都让你搞砸了。
140.You‘re a pain in the ass.
你这讨厌鬼。
141.You‘re a joke.
你真是一个小丑。
142.You‘re impossible.
你真不可救药。
143.You‘re an asshole.
你这缺德鬼。
144.You‘re a jerk.
你是个废物/混球。
145.Really?You‘re so bad!
真的吗？你真棒！
146.Someday,when your ship comes in ,you‘ll build your dream house.
总有一天，当你有钱时，你会建造你梦想的家。
147.Someday you‘re going to have to face the music for your actios.
总有一天，你将不得不承担自己的行为所带来的后果。
148.We could make beautiful music together.
我们也许会是和谐幸福的一对儿。
149.I‘ll speak aganist anything I know to be wrong.
我会对所有我认为不对的事情直言不讳。
150.It‘s supposed to start 6:30 sharp,but I doubt it will.
应该是六点半整的，但是我觉得够呛。
151.The brothers differ from each other in their interests.
这几个兄弟各有所好。
153.Stone has always had a crush on baby.
石头一直在爱着宝贝。
154.I am sick of always waiting for you!
你老让我等你，真是烦透了。
155.I‘d like to repair our differences.
我愿意消除一下我们之间的分歧。
156.This experience will make me show my true color.
这种经历将使我暴露我的本性。
157.As far as policy is concerned ,I have to say something.
谈到政策，我得说几句。
158.They are only too delighted to accept the invitation.
他们非常乐意接受邀请。
159.He has a nice sum of money put away.
他存了一大笔钱。
160.He dare not tell us his evil conduct.
他不敢告诉我们他的罪行。
161.This joke has gone a little too far.
这个玩笑开得有点过火了。
162.You should have a mind of your own.
你必须有自己的主见。
163.He is heavily insured against death.
他给自己投了巨额的人身保险。
164.Close the door after you ,please.
请随手关门。
165.Don‘t pull the chairs about,boys!
不要把椅子拖来拖去，孩子们！
166.He is capable of any crime.
他什么样的坏事都能干得出来。
167.I have no direction ,I just go wherever the winds blows.
我没有方向，只是随风到处飘。
168.He struck his attacker on the ear.
他打了那个攻击者一耳光。
169.I have a bottomed-down mind.
我是个没什么独到见解的人。
170.Mind your own business!
管好你自己的事！
171.I‘m a man of my word.
我是个讲信用的人。
172.Look at this mess!
看看这烂摊子！
173.Every time I see you ,you leave me out in the cold.
每次我见到你，你都不理睬我。
174.I hope your idea takes wings.
我希望你的想法成真。
175.If the shoe fits ,wear it.
如果是真的就承认吧。
176.I‘d do anything to see you crack a smile.
为了博得你的一笑，我情愿做任何事。
177.If you don‘t want to lose me,you‘d better lay it on the line.
如果你不想失去我，就最好一五一十地告诉我。
178.I‘ve had enough of your garbage.
我听腻了你的废话。
179.I‘m not going to put up with this!
我再也受不了啦！
180.He is about to explode.
他的肺都快要气炸了。
181.I only have eyes for you.
我只在乎你。
182.I haven‘t got a good house,but I‘ll keep a good house.
我没有好的房子，但是我会招待周到的。
183.I‘m fed up.
我厌倦了。
184.He has a remarkable memory.
他有惊人的记忆力。
185.He walks with a quick pace.
他快步走路。
186.She used to learn everything by rote.
她过去总是死记硬背。
187.I can‘t help it.
我没办法。
188.Pull over!
把车子开到旁边。
189.At heart,he‘s very nice.
实际上，他是个善良的人。
190.Once or twice a month we live it up.
我们一个月有一两次过享乐的生活。
191.We‘d better hit the road or we‘ll be late.
我们最好早点上路吧，不然要迟到了。
192.I can‘t go out.I have to hit the book.
我不能出去，我还要预习功课。
193.I hear this book sells like hot cakes.
我听说现在这书很畅销。
194.It was touch and go for a while.
有段时间形势相当危急。
195.I‘m not a spring chicken any more.
我不再是没经验的人。
196.Don‘t take it to heart.
别往心里去。
197.He who seizes the right moment is the right man.
谁把握机遇就能心想事成。
198.So that explains it.
原来如此。
199.I‘m all fingers and thumbs this mornings.
今天早上我的手怎么这么笨呢？
200.He gave me a black look.
他恶狠狠地看了我一眼。
201.They treated us white.
他们公平地对待我们。
202.I‘m a chair zucchini.
我是个电脑迷。
203.John took out a loan to pay his tuition.
约翰贷款交付学费。
204.All set?
一切妥当？
205.Fresh!
好有型。
206.Encore!
再来一次。
207.Gorgeous!
美极了。
208.Farewell!
再见啦。
209.Never cackle till your egg is laid.
事未完成莫夸耀。
210.The good seaman is known in bad weather.
惊涛骇浪，方显英雄本色。
211.She is coming on to you.
她对你有意思。
212.He will give me cradle-to-grave protection.
他将保护我一生一世。
213.She is as mild as a dove.
她很温和。
214.Some things rub them the wrong way.
他们被惹怒了。
215.He has never rested on his laurels.
他从不满足目前的成就。
216.The news came as a bombshell.
这个消息犹如晴天霹雳。
217.These are more than old wives′ tales.
这些可不是无稽之谈。
218.That’ll save your skin.
那可帮你度过难关。
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